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Hepatic bile acid conjugation with the amino acids glycine and taurine represents the final step in primary bile acid synthesis in humans1. The liver features a higher capacity for conjugation and because of this negligible amounts of unconjugated bile acids (2 ) usually seem in bile beneath typical or cholestatic conditions2. Conjugation drastically alters the physicochemical traits of an unconjugated bile acid, by rising the molecular size (Fig. 1) and lowering the pKa, as a result enhancing aqueous solubility in the pH from the proximal intestine and preventing non-ionic passive absorption3. Conjugation as a result promotes a high intraluminal bile acid concentration and as a result efficient solubilization of lipids with low aqueous solubility such as saturated fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. TwoGastroenterology. Author manuscript; offered in PMC 2014 Sep.
